What does the term "equalization" refer to in diving?

The term "equalization" in diving specifically refers to the technique of balancing the pressure in the ears with the surrounding water pressure. As a diver descends, the pressure increases, which can create discomfort or potential injury to the ears if not properly equalized. Divers use various methods, such as the Valsalva maneuver or the Toynbee maneuver, to equalize the pressure in their middle ear with the pressure of the water outside. This pressure equalization is crucial for a safe and comfortable dive experience, allowing divers to descend without experiencing pain or injury to their eardrums or inner ear structures. This understanding is vital for all divers to practice consistently, ensuring they maintain ear health while enjoying their underwater adventures.